Grade 5 ( Age 10 )
Foundational Skills
• Apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in reading unfamiliar words
• Read grade-level texts with purpose and understanding
• Orally read grade-level texts with accuracy, expression, and appropriate rate
• Confirm and self-correct words during oral reading
Reading Literature and Informational Text
• Identify main topics, ideas, or arguments in grade-level text
• Explain how details in the text support main ideas
• Identify evidence in the text to support the author’s message or reader’s responses
• Describe theme of a literary text
• Summarize literary and informational or explanatory texts
• Compare and contrast characters, settings, events, or ideas from a text
• Determine meanings and effects of words or phrases as used in a text
• Describe overall structure of a passage and its effect on the message
• Describe how chapters, sections, scenes, or stanzas fit together in a text
• Use features in the text and search tools to locate relevant information
• Explain connections between people, events, ideas, concepts, or steps in a text
• Describe how a narrator’s or writer’s point of view influences the text
• Explain how visual and multimedia elements contribute to the meaning and tone
• Compare, contrast, and analyze texts in the same genre or on the same topic
• Find and integrate information from multiple sources to answer a question or solve a problem
• By the end of the academic year, read and understand grade-level literary and
informational texts at grade level independently and with proficiency
Speaking and Listening
• Express ideas and feelings clearly
• Speak clearly and audibly in sensible sentences
• Describe people, places, things, and events with relevant details
• Give and follow directions
• Participate in conversations with diverse partners and groups
• Follow agreed-upon rules and preparation procedures for discussions
• Listen and respond to others with focus and care
• Summarize points made by a speaker
• Present a spoken report with supporting facts and details
• Add visual components to a speech to clarify ideas, feelings, and thoughts
Writing
• Write opinion pieces supported with relevant facts and reasons, and a strong
conclusion
• Write informative or explanatory pieces supported with relevant facts and reasons,
and a strong conclusion
• Write narrations that include details, put events in order, and provide a conclusion
• Strengthen writing by getting feedback, revising, editing, and rewriting
• Add dialogue and descriptions to develop characters and events
• Use tools, including digital tools, to produce and publish writing
• Gather information from various sources to answer a question
• Create written and visual works to summarize and share information
• Conduct short research topics on a topic through investigation
• Regularly produce clear writing for a variety of tasks, purposes, and audiences
English Language Skills
• Identify parts of speech and their functions in specific sentences
• Recognize and use conjunctions, prepositions, and interjections
• Form, recognize, and use various verb tenses and appropriate shifts in verb tense
• Expand, combine, and reduce sentences for meaning, style, and interest
• Use conventions of English correctly when writing (capitalization, punctuation, and spelling)
• Spell grade-level words correctly
• Consult reference materials to check spellings
• Correctly use the English language when speaking, reading, or writing
• Know the difference between formal and informal English and when to use each
Vocabulary
• Use context clues to determine word and phrase meanings
• Use word structure clues to determine meanings of unknown words
• Use synonyms and antonyms to clarify and explain word meanings
• Use references (print and digital) to determine or clarify word meaning
• Understand and use figurative language (similes, metaphors, idioms, adages,
proverbs, etc.)
• Distinguish literal and nonliteral meanings of words in context
• Distinguish shades of meaning among related words
• Learn and use grade-level general academic vocabulary
Algebraic Thinking and Operations
• Write and interpret numerical expressions
• Evaluate simple expressions
• Analyze patterns and relationships
• Expand a whole number (2-50) as a product of its prime factors
• Analyze patterns and relationships given two rules
Number and Operations
• Understand that each place in a number represents 10 times the place to right and one-tenth of the place to the left
• Know patterns of zeros when multiplying or dividing a number by powers of 10
• Use exponents to show powers of 10
• Read, write, and compare decimals to the thousandths place
• Perform operations with multi-digit whole numbers
• Perform operations with decimals to hundredths
Fractions and Operations
• Use equivalent fractions as a strategy to add and subtract fractions
with unlike denominators (2/5 + 7/3 = 6/15 + 35/15 = 41/15)
• Solve word problems with addition and subtraction of fractions or mixed numbers with like and unlike denominators
• Create models or equations to represent problems with fractions
• Understand a fraction as division of the numerator by the denominator
• Solve word problems dividing whole numbers leading to fraction or mixed number answers
• Multiply a fraction by a whole number or a whole number by a fraction
• Find areas of rectangles with fractional sides by modeling with unit squares
• Interpret multiplication as scaling (resizing)
• Explain results of multiplying a number by a fraction greater or less than 1
• Use all operations to solve world problems with fractions and mixed numbers
• Compute and explain division of a fraction by a whole number
• Compute and explain division of a whole number by unit fraction
• Divide unit fractions by non-zero whole numbers and whole numbers
by unit fractions
Geometry and Spatial Relationships
• Understand the coordinate system and the meanings of the origin, x-axis, xcoordinate, y-axis, and y-coordinate
• Graph points in the first quadrant of the coordinate plane to solve real-world and mathematical problems
• Classify two-dimensional figures into categories based on their properties
• Classify two-dimensional figures into a hierarchy
Measurement and Data
• Convert like measurement units within a given measurement system
• Use measurement conversions in solving real world problems
• Use a line plot to display a data set of unit fraction measurements
• Use operations of fractions to solve problems from displayed data
• Understand concepts of volume and measuring of volume
• Relate volume to multiplication and to addition
• Define and describe a cubic unit
• Use standard or improvised unit cubes to measure volume
• Find volume of rectangular prisms by packing the prism with unit cubes
• Know and apply formulas for the volume of right rectangular prisms
• Solve real world problems involving volume
• Find volumes of solid figures that are composed of two non-overlapping right
rectangular prisms
Life Science
• Interdependent energy relationships in ecosystems
• Matter and energy flow in organisms for maintenance, growth, and repair
• Life cycles and energy cycles in ecosystems
• Forest ecosystems
• Food chains and food webs
• Human impact on Earth and ecosystems
Physical Science
• Observations and measurements that identify properties of materials
• Atoms and molecules in matter and their behavior in different states of matter
• Chemical reactions
• Law of Conservation of Matter
• Chemical processes in everyday life
• Gravitational force on planets
Earth and Space Science
• The universe and its stars
• Patterns and movements in the solar system
• Earth’s orbit and rotation and the resulting patterns
• Earth systems (geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere) and their
interactions
• The role of water in Earth surface processes
• Rocks and minerals and their classifications
• Earth’s topography
• Human impact on Earth systems
• Health choices and consequences of choices
• Benefits of, practices for, and personal responsibility for health (including healthy eating, exercise, stress-management, personal hygiene, adequate sleep, social and emotional health, disease prevention, and avoidance of accidents and dangers)
• Components of a personal health plan
• Influences of peer, media, family, and cultural pressure on physical, emotional, and social health
• Structure, functions, and interdependence of major body systems
• Identification of foods that are sources of nutrient groups
• Understanding and tracking calorie intake
• Aerobic and anaerobic exercise (contingent on any physical or other limitations)
• Myths and facts related to disease transmission and prevention
• Harmful viruses, such as the common cold, polio, measles, HPV, and HIV
• Ways body defends itself against germs
• Understanding of changes in anatomy during puberty
• Basic safety rules for daily and recreational activities
• Skills to identify, avoid, report, and cope with potentially dangerous situations
• Practices for responding to emergencies 2
• Identify safe behaviors around strangers
• Use, abuse, and effects of medications, tobacco, alcohol, and other substances
• Positive and negative characteristics of social groups gangs, clubs, cliques
• Reasons and ways to avoid violence, gangs, weapons, and drugs
• Development of self-confidence and self-esteem
• Respect and consideration for all individuals
• Healthy ways of getting attention
• Healthy ways of responding to disrespectful behavior
• Self-control and appropriate ways to express emotions
• Positive social interactions with peers, in home, and in the community
• Bullying, alternative behaviors to bullying, and appropriate responses to bullying
• Strategies for resolving conflicts with peers and others
• Skills for meeting people, making friends, and being a good friend
• Getting personal support from family
• How and where to get help in making health decisions
Community and Culture
• Understanding that members of a civilization share certain common characteristics,
customs, beliefs, and values
• Development of unique cultures in the early Americas
• Description of Mayan, Aztec, Incan civilizations
• Appreciation of the complexity of ancient societies and civilizations
• Cultural diffusion, including the Columbian Exchange
• Cultural comparison between regions (now the United States, Canada, Caribbean, and South America) in the past and present
• Key cultural contributions to United States culture and the world from the other Western Hemisphere regions
• Current issues faced by two or more Western Hemisphere nations
• Examples of cultural cooperation among Western Hemisphere nations
Geography
• Geographical features (physical and human) of each of the Western Hemisphere regions
• How first humans adapted to and modified their environment
• Patterns of settlement in the regions, past and present
• Adaptations of people to the physical geography and climate
• Resources and use of resources in the regions, past and present
• Locations of explorations in the Western Hemisphere
• How the geography of the regions affected transportation, communication, and interaction among the people of the regions
• Drawing maps of patterns of settlement, movement, physical features, products, trade relationships, explorations, plants and animals, etc. in the Western Hemisphere
History
• First humans in Western Hemisphere
• Migration routes and movement of people
• Early societies in the hemisphere
• European exploration and its effects
• Interactions of Europeans with Native Americans
• Colonization and comparison of colonies
• Transatlantic trade
• Slave trade from Africa (reasons, transport, conditions, effects)
• Close examination and comparison of the development of specific civilizations
• Political development and maps of countries in the Western Hemisphere
• Issues faced by specific countries and regions in the Western Hemisphere
Economics
• Development of different types of economic systems
• Comparisons of past and present economies in the regions and nations
• Economic activities past and present
• Trade in the hemisphere, past and present
• Major resources, industries, products, and services of countries and regions
• How and why products are manufactured where they are
• Interdependence of economies of the regions
Government and Citizenship
• Development and comparison of varied political systems and their development
• Foundation documents and basic structures of the United States, Canada, Mexico,
and one country in the Caribbean region and one country in South America
• Ways groups have struggled for equality and civil rights in some of the countries of the hemisphere
• Ways groups have struggled for sovereignty in some of the countries
• Multinational cooperative organizations and their functions
• Some key ideas, symbols, and values of some of the countries
• Describe, create, and perform dance movements
• Create and perform dance movements, individually and with a partner
• Understand the physical processes and discipline associated with dance
• Identify melody, rhythm, harmony, and timbre in musical selections
• Respond to sounds and sound patterns with body movements
• Compose, improvise, and perform basic musical patterns
• Listen to, describe, and respond to a variety of music
• Read and write patterns with musical notes and rhythmic notation
• Read, write, and perform diatonic scales
• Identify some common musical instruments by sight and sound
• Identify and sing a variety of kinds of music and musical forms
• Improvise dramatizations of stories or ideas
• Take part in writing scripts, designing sets, and performing group dramas
• Create costumes and props for a performance
• Observe patterns in nature and works of art
• Identify and describe elements in works of visual art (line, color, texture, shapes/form, space, value [color], etc.)
• Create original works of visual art in various media and dimensions
• Express observations, ideas, or feelings through music, drama, or visual art
• Identify and discuss some well-known works of dance, drama, music, or visual arts and some artists, actors, writers, musicians, choreographers, or composers
• Describe and analyze a variety of works of art according to their elements
• Apply evaluative skills to movies and video
• Learn and use vocabulary of dance, music, drama, and visual arts
• Describe techniques for a given form of art
• Compare and contrast two works of art
• Identify purposes, effects, influences, and historical contributions of art
• Understand how culture affects art and how art reflects culture
• Demonstrate appropriate audience skills for live artistic performances
• Identify and describe careers in the arts
• Concepts, characteristics, and real-life uses of technology
• Knowing parts of technology devices and systems devices
• Developing advanced keyboard skills
• Exploring virtual environments, simulations, programs, models, and applications
• Effective use of available grade-level technology
• Use of tools to produce creative original works
• Use of tools to collaborate locally and globally
• Use of tools and devices to develop cultural understanding
• Use of Internet to find, use, summarize, and evaluate information
• Planning and completing a research project to solve a problem or answer a question
• Understand negative uses of technology and ways to avoid them
• Participation in group collaborative interactive projects and activities
• Developing, printing, and publishing in print and digital formats
• Evaluating content, applications, and programs
• Digital citizenship and etiquette
• Legal use, fair use guidelines, and copyrights
• Procedures for safe online behavior, including use of social media
• Responsible care of digital equipment
• Positive attitudes toward technology for learning
• Demonstrating openness to learning and using new technologies
